The focus of medical care in the 21st century is changing dramatically from treatment to prevention. As many as 90 % of cancer cases can be cured, if detected early by complete physical examination. Japan is the home of the complete physical examination system, and has the world’s highest standard. In the Standard Complete Physical Examination Program, the following examinations are performed for a comprehensive and systemic check-up: gastroendoscopy, abdominal ultrasonography (liver, bladder, spleen, kidney, etc.), electrocardiography, funduscopy, lung function, liver function, kidney function, lipid level, diabetes, anemia, obesity, blood pressure, eyesight, audiometry.